Wales, Cumberland, America and a Marriage

The background to Annie Bowness and Idris Morgan

Annie and Idris Morgan in front of Ellers View, Bridgefoot. The cottage is sixteenth century. At various times it has been two separate properties with an outside stairs to the upper bit, a butcher’s shop with accomodation above and a host of other things. When I was young there were sharp hooks all over the downstairs ceiling for hanging meat. There were two rooms upstairs, though at one point the back of one was split into a small separate room. There was one main room downstairs with a small kitchen and scullery off. At the time of the photo this was the main Cockermouth to Bridgefoot Road. The gate on the left leads to the pub yard as well as the house yard, with the outside toilet. The gate on the right is a farm entrance and the building behind it used to be a watermill, run from a special mill race fed by the river Marron. The terraces in the background lead down to what was, long ago, the Bridgefoot station on the Whitehaven, Cleator and Egremont Railway.

Cumberland, 1770-1870

Many of the events in this first part of the story centre around a surprisingly small area. It is an area that has been part of my whole life. Searching through all this history, I was surprised when so much of it came back to the small area in the map below.

The area will certainly widen again later but for the moment this map covers a lot. My mum was born in Bridgefoot in bottom left and went to school in Cockermouth in the top right. The early parts of the story take place across the map from Seaton to Little Broughton. Later it moves into Workington and out to Bridgefoot. Some of the older generation were born in Embleton, just to the east of Cockermouth.

It is worth pausing to think about transport even in a small area like this. Even in my lifetime things were delivered by horse and cart, even in big cities. Over the period we are looking at in this part of the story, most people would have walked from one place to another. Apart from the rich, people who used horses for work had access for other purposes and a cart could be hired, to move house for instance, but mostly it was walking. The map above has the river Derwent dividing north from south and, even today there are few bridges. Like looking for the route of an ancient Roman road (look for roads called something Street), if you look for small roads called something Lane and then follow their course they may suddenly stop but often there will be a field path that continues along the same line. When one of these comes to a river, look on the sattelite image in Google Maps and you will see that the river is shallow at that point. Look across the river and you will likely see another field path. The distances between places may be smaller than you first thought.

An ancient watercolour of mine. School Lane, Bridgefoot. If you cross the ford over the Lostrigg, follow the lane up, it ends at the A66. Opposite is a field gate. If you follow the lines of fields beyond the gate, you come to a shallow place on the Derwent.

A classic example of this is to look for a church that has been around for a long time. Usually you will see a range of paths and roads radiating out from it to the edges of the Parish. During this period there is still some canal building but railways are starting to take over. Casual journeys over greater distances become possible.

The country we are looking at is part of the land running from the Eden Valley in the east to the Solway Coast in the west. It is northwest of the Lake District National Park. It is unknown to most Lake District visitors, yet in Aspatria a viking skeleton was found almost two metres in length with a similar length broad sword. This viking was believed to have travelled from Ireland. In the northeast of the area is the roman fortress of Aballava, home to a Moorish Legion from modern Algeria and Morocco. Like everywhere it has long been a melting pot.

Herbert, Bowness and Varty

John Bowness came into the life of Barbara Herbert like a sudden tropical storm. When they met she was living on her own, with a servant. She visited her brother in Seaton/Camerton and John was there as an apprentice.

Her brother, Samuel Herbert, had learnt his trade when they lived in the area between Abbeytown or Holm Cultram and Wigton. Abbeytown was a cut above some of the nearby areas, having a large church that had been created from parts of the twelfth century Holm Cultram Abbey. The abbey was typical of this area, having been founded by a King of Scotland on land owned by an Anglo-Saxon nobleman and run by Cistercian monks, in competition with the Norman, Augustinian Cathedral in Carlisle. It had always been under attack from all directions. Robert Bruce even demolished part of it despite his father being buried there. The parish was endowed by Oxford University. There were several quarries and tile making works, all of which needed carts. A late arrival to her generation, Barbara was born in 1825 in nearby Whitrigg and baptised in the local church and then educated in the Sunday school.

The family were relatively well off, though even as farmers they didn’t own the land that they farmed. In the census records a farmer who owned their own land was know as a Yeoman Farmer. For younger brothers, like Samuel, being apprenticed and setting up in trade was the best option. Barbara’s Father, also called Samuel, farmed in Aughatree near Wigton. From the area where she was born, the family spread out across farms and businesses in places like CrossCanonby, Seaton and Little Broughton. When we take up the tale, the edge of Seaton was where Barbara’s mother Ann lived with her unmarried son William, after her husband Samuel had died. Brother Samuel also lived in the same area of Seaton. Another Brother lived in Dearham and was a Blacksmith. There was farmland for wood, a Blacksmith to handle metal and a cartwright to bend the wood and shoe the wheels. Barbara was living in a little cottage, probably on Whyndam Row in Little Broughton, though that place is hard to find nowadays. She was described as a Household Servant but appeared to have another unrelated servant living in the same house. At various times, members of the family moved from one household or area of land to another, as people needed care or work was available, or as people died and properties were changed.

Some of the plots of land rented by the Herbert family in 1840. The river Derwent is at the bottom. I think the narrow strips are from the ancient Open Field system of agriculture.

As far as I can tell this is the same area. You can see shallow points where people crossed the river.

This is the view from the road down to the Derwent over one strip of land marked as rented by William Herbert

Being between the rapidly expanding towns of Workington and Maryport, Seaton was growing much faster at the time than many of the areas slightly further north. As well as the need for road carts there were early wagonways requiring the same skills. A rapidly growing industrial village also had its disadvantages and some of the deaths and house moves were due to the cholera epidemics of the 1830’s. Little Broughton and Dearham were up and coming, but not the same chaotic industrial growth represented by Seaton, Workington and Maryport. In 1852 a railway line from Carlisle to SiIloth opened and work on this would quite likely have disrupted areas where they originally farmed. There was also the Carlisle to Maryport railway that was opened in stages between 1840 and 1845. There was a railway station in Seaton itself, on the Workington and Cleator branch line.

By the time John came into her life, her brother William was still farming around Seaton. Barbara had faithfully stayed at home looking after everyone but was now working as a servant in Little Broughton. She was an educated woman, who would inherit nothing, and such women were not always looked on with favour for marriage but were in demand for care and education.

John Bowness was a little younger, an orphan, who had been brought up on the farm of Thomas Benson, a Little Broughton yeoman farmer. He was now living with Samuel and working as an apprentice in the Cartwright business. He didn’t really take to that trade and wanted to travel the world on merchant ships and when the Cartwright business passed on to William, he saw his opportunity. John was determined and persuasive and wanted to get married before he went away. He asked Barbara to wait for him while he made his fortune at sea. Barbara was aware that she had already sacrificed much by being the family’s provider of care, support and education. She was determined not to let this opportunity for loving attention slip away. The couple got tickets for the recently opened railway from Carlisle to Edinburgh and married in Leith before John boarded to work a ship back round to Maryport. Barbara returned to Little Broughton knowing that she was too useful as an unpaid family support and educator to be cast off. When John returned to Maryport, he moved in with Barbara, before setting off across the world’s seas and oceans. This life of short visits continued, alongside the arrival of two children, until it became clear that John had contracted TB. He died in 1863, when son Thomas William was nine and daughter Ann Barbara was seven. He came into Barbara’s world with a bronzed face, tall tales, a pocket full of back wages and a bracelet made of silver and elephant hair. He left her with two children, back living with her unmarried brother, her mother and other ragtags of family.

Thomas William was taught by his mother, alongside the other family children and even children from local farms. There were no churches or schools in Seaton and education was not compulsory until it was introduced for children up to the age of 10 in 1880. Thomas William helped around the farm and with the horses and other jobs to do with the Cartwright business but knew he would not inherit. It will have been a good background in many crafts that included drying, bending and joining wood, forging and joining steel. Like many children of absentee fathers, he idolised and romanticised his father’s remembered tales. He also had his mother’s sense of pride and knew he could do better. At 12 he moved to Aspatria, north of Maryport, to work with the pit ponies and stayed working in and around the mines for the next sixteen years. Always with an eye for advancement, he lived cheaply and saved all he could. Sometime around 1880, he met Elizabeth Varty. Born in Aspatria in 1866, she was from a large family but, like Thomas’s mother, an educated young woman, who had attended St Kentigern’s Church and school. When they met in 1881, she was already working in service, for a farmer in Allerby. By this time the blacksmith John Herbert was living in Cross Cannonby, which is near Allerby, so it is likely that they met through some connection there. They were both ambitious and in 1882 Thomas William asked her to wait for him to make his fortune in America, so they could marry. She agreed and he set off from Liverpool on the twelfth of September 1882 and arrived in Baltimore on the Eastern Seaboard, seventeen days later.

America and the UK 1882-1894

After about fifteen days in Baltimore, TW, as we’ll call him from now on, travelled from there down to San Antonio in Texas and on to the Don Carlos ranch in Leon Springs, Bexar County. Here he started work wrangling Andalusian ponies for thirteen dollars a month. Although he had very few expenses and was saving his money, it was clear he was not going to make his fortune this way. Having got a better feel for what was happening in America, after 10 months he left the ranch and set off by rail for Pennsylvania, arriving five days later. In Pennsylvania he went to work in part of what would become the Carnegie Steel Company in their coal and coke mine and works near Larimer Station, south east of Pittsburgh. Later he moved to the steelworks in Homestead that had been bought by Carnegie Steel. He settled down to hard work, saving and writing letters back to Elizabeth.

The remains of coke ovens near Larimer Station

Homestead Steel Works

Like the rest of Pennsylvania, Pittsburgh was growing rapidly with a large influx of workers from outside America. Germans, for instance made up almost a third of the population and the state constitution was translated to allow for this. The Irish Famine remained another major contribution to the influx and by the time TW arrived, there were strong Irish communities in Pittsburgh and the Irish were leading figures in the unionisation of labour. Similarly, upheaval and land reform surrounding the unification of Italy had led to an exodus and strong Italian communities in Pittsburgh. There will have been a complete melting pot of cultures and accents and, in the early years of TW’s stay there were clashes between Irish and Italian populations.  On the other hand, Andrew Carnegie and John Forbes (who named Pittsburgh) were both from Dunfermline and Scottish immigrants were celebrated for their part in Independence, science and writing. Though there were names from many places, Pennsylvania was also full of names like Westmoreland, Cumberland and Carlisle, the population of these Reiver areas were noted for the toughness and independence that came from sometimes being Scottish and sometimes English, but mostly Cumbrian and under siege. If you have ever heard a really broad Cumbrian dialect or accent, you will know that it is one of those where listeners often simply fail to understand a single word. As an educated Cumbrian TW may well have had a gentler brogue and he will also have adapted it, being wary of anything that got in the way of his ambitions. Over the next seven years, he managed to move from being a labourer, to skilled work and then to supervising other staff. He bought a small property on the edge of Homestead and then sent money back to Elizabeth to buy a ticket to sail to join him.

While TW was adapting to the New World, Elizabeth was making her own way in the world. Her connections with St Kentigern’s Church in Aspatria allowed her to work in service there, then at Carlisle Cathedral and finally at the cathedral in Canterbury. These moves were no doubt helped by the status of the vicar at St Kentigern’s, who was an antiquarian who made significant contributions to the understanding of Celtic and other pagan symbols in crosses and other stonework. He will have had strong connections with the similarly academic Bishop of Carlisle and beyond. Elizabeth trained as a cook and, in such places, will have had influences from a wide range of cuisines.

Thomas and Elizabeth were two independently minded, ambitious and reasonably well educated young Cumbrians in the melting pot of Pittsbugh, where they were married April 1889. Over the next two to three years the young couple set out making a home. They had their first child, William Herbert, in 1891. Elizabeth started experimenting with new foods, adapted to new ways of doing basic things like shopping, cleaning and clothes making. She got to know her neighbours and to understand a completely new social life. It must have been quite a culture shock. In 1892 Elizabeth was getting used to being a mother and anticipating a growing family. The rest of the year would alter their thinking about their new environment significantly.

While TW had been making his way forward in the Steel Industry, there were huge changes going on. The coke works where he had started were part of experiments to produce steel faster, using cheaper materials. Carnegie took over Homestead in 1883 and immediately started re-organising it. At one time it would become the largest and most efficient steel works in the world. At the same time unionisation was growing across all industries and owners were split about accepting or rejecting unionised workers. At the same time as constantly changing the way things were done, owners were also demanding longer hours and reducing pay. One of the results in Pittsburgh was the Homestead Strike, in June and July of 1892, as TW and Elizabeth were thinking about a second child.

While there had been earlier strikes and unrest, none were of the scale of this one. Henry Clay Frick, who ran the Homestead Site was determined to break the union. He locked them out, built a high fence topped with barbed wire round the site and constructed sniper towers at key points. In response the various unions and their families took up positions to block the plant and keep it closed. They even hired a steam launch to patrol the Monongahela River, to enclose it from all sides. On July 5th, Local Sheriff’s men posted bills warning the strikers to move away and allow safe passage to the plant. The strikers tore the bills down. Frick had meanwhile organised large numbers of Pinkerton Agents to gather on the other side of the river and, late in the evening of July 5th, three hundred were sent upriver ready to sneak down and land in the plant. They were not sneaky enough and, when they set off, they had an escort down the south river side all the way, with shots being fired from both sides. When they arrived at the plant, strikers and families had taken up positions on surrounding high points and opened fire, stopping the Pinkertons from landing. Meanwhile the strikers had also managed to break down the fence alongside the river and gained access to the area where the Pinkertons wanted to land. The result was a standoff, but with up to 5000 more armed strikers arriving, the Pinkertons were finally allowed to surrender. The strikers took over control of the area, until the State Militia took over from them on 12th July. The company then started bringing in non-union workers. Even then peace was not restored. Martial law was declared on 18th July. Even within the plant there was a racial battle between black and white, non-union workers that broke out on 22nd July. On 23rd July a completely unconnected anarchist attempted to assassinate Henry Clay Frick and this further undermined public support for the workers. Ultimately unsuccessful, the strike went on for 95 days, beyond the conception of TW and Elizabeth’s second child. These events were seen as an important turning point in the battle for and against unionisation.

Whatever their stances on all this, TW and Elizabeth will have felt that this turbulent and violent environment was not one to bring up a family. Letters were written and plans were made to return to Cumberland once the child was born and survived the traumas of early childhood. Annie Barbara Bowness was born in September 1892 and in 1894 the family home was rented out through an agent and the small family sailed back to the United Kingdom.

The Morgans

Glamorganshire 1811-1868

This next section of the story takes place in the area between Pontypridd and Merthyr Tyydfil. It starts a little later as it is harder to trace back further because of higher population levels with shared names. Wales is developing rapidly based round iron and coal. There are tensions between Welsh speakers and English speakers. The latter dominate the positions of power. Related to that battle is the battle between Chapel goers and and largely Anglicanism. There has also been a strong Chartist movement, seeking votes for non-landowners, and a growing level of trade unionism. In 1831 there had been the Merthyr Rising, where the red flag was flown as a symbol of working class unity, there were cries of ‘caws a bara’ (cheese and bread) because people were starving, and debtors records were destroyed because of the hold owners had over those who owned nothing. Around the time that we are going to look at now, there were what were dubbed The Rebecca Riots, mainly just west of the area we are going to talk about. Primarily Welsh speaking tenant farmers used a bible quote to inspire dressing in versions of traditional Welsh women’s clothes while they massed to break down Toll Gates that charged them both to transport the lime they needed for the land and the products they had to transport to sell. Toll gates and tenant farmers have featured elsewhere in these history pages.

There is a lot of doubt about this, but Daniel Morgan and Leah Lewis might have been married in 1835, in Mynyddlwyn, Monmouthshire. There is also a marriage registered between the same names in 1838 in Cardiff, but no more details are available on that one. In Monmouthshire, Daniel signed his own name to the certificate, but Leah just made her mark. There is a Daniel Morgan on the Electoral Register in that area in the years after the marriage, with a house and land around Gelygroes or nearby Trelyn. There are also a number of Lewis’s on the register, so the house may have come from Leah’s side of the family. Equally there is a Daniel around the same area, who is a miller, so this might be a dud lead. They had a daughter, Mary, born in 1839. Thomas Morgan seems to have been born in Taer yr Heol, Llanfabon, Merthyr Tydfil in 1842. Sadly, his mother and elder sister died the same year, so he and his father Daniel, who appears to have been born in 1811 in Llantrisant to a Margaret Morgan, with no father recorded, went to live with Daniel’s older brother Evan in Aberdare. Altogether there were ten people living in the little house on Abergwawr Street. Both Evan and Daniel were masons by trade. Though there weren’t many schools Thomas was certainly attending when the census was taken in 1851. There was considerable uproar caused by the Anglican vicar John Griffith, who played down the level of Welsh speaking and associated its use with drunkenness, licentiousness and other bad behaviours. Like all young people then, all too soon Thomas had to go to work.

The probable house on Abergwawr Street.

Like the rest of South Wales, Aberdare was growing quickly at this time. There were new mines and iron and steel works. There was an Aberdare Canal, connected to the Glamorganshire Canal and thus to Merthyr Tydfil and Cardiff. Similarly there was a railway to Abercynon connecting with the Taff Valley Railway. It is likely that Thomas first went to work in one of the local Mines but, at some point in the 1850’s, he went to Pontyprydd and worked as a labourer in the Brown and Lennox Chain works. He boarded with the Lewis family at Ynysdawel, Eglwysilan, near Pontyprydd. In Welsh dawel means calm and the locks on the canal were called Ynys, meaning island. As the father was a lockkeeper, this place was presumably a relatively calm lock cottage. There is a Gellidawel (everything quiet) Rd on the south side of Pontypridd, roughly where the canal ran, so it was likely there.

William and Dianah Lewis were born in 1797 and 1808 respectively and had seven children. One of their daughters was called Catherine and she was in service locally. Thomas and Catherine soon married and Catherine moved back into the family house with Thomas. If they were living in a lock cottage like the one shown below, it must have been crowded and even more so as children arrived. Thomas and Catherine had four children here or in a rented house nearby.

A restored lock cottage in Pontypridd

Pontypridd was not the best place to live at this time. The town suffered badly in the cholera epidemic that swept Wales in the 1860’s. The Brown and Lennox Chain works, where Thomas first worked, was always having problems of one sort or another, despite being ground-breaking and used by Isambard Kingdom Brunel. At some point Thomas probably also worked at the Treforest Tinplate Works. There was a connection of ownership between the works in Wales and those in the northeast of England and there was a lot of movement up to there from Wales at the time. The family followed this movement when, in 1868, they moved to far away Stockton on Tees, Durham, which was growing rapidly and seems to have been showing a more enlightened approach to workers for the moment. For a while they left eldest son Thomas with his grandparents. We will never know why Thomas was left, perhaps for schooling, nor how the family transported themselves over such a great distance, but it is worth remembering that somehow youn Thomas had to follow them later.

Durham and Cumberland 1868-1901

The family moved to Edith Place near Portrack Lane, Stockton on Tees. By the 1781 census, Thomas worked as a Tinplate Weigher alongside his second son Daniel, who was a labourer. His oldest son Thomas was working as a Blacksmith’s Striker. Later Daniel would be described as a tinplate doubler.

A Tin Plate Doubler

Over the next 12 years another three daughters and three sons arrived. Remembering that education only became compulsory up to the age of 10 in 1880 it seems that the Morgans had the will to allow the children to stay in school.

In 1880, following industry again, the family moved across the country to Concrete Houses, 4, Tin Plate Works, Seaton, Cockermouth. As descriptive addresses go that one is up there amongst the best. The iron and tin works were on the south side of Seaton on the north banks of the Derwent, not far from where out earlier Herbert/Bowness story took place. The works were known as the BarePot works and were owned by William Ivander Griffiths, who came from Treforest, where our earlier Morgan story started. There was a small canal to the works, fed by the Derwent. This is not far from where the Derwent meets the sea in Workington.

Second eldest son Daniel was still working in the Tin Plate industry, so that probably partly explains the move. In fact in 1881 a daughter called Leah was 14 and described as a scholar, as were the younger children. Her older sister Gwehnyfa was 17 and a tinplate opener. So the working family of 5 were supporting another 8 children still at school. Eldest son Thomas would later marry and move into the centre of Workington. Elder Thomas then moved into one of Workington’s big industries which was the manufacture of Steel Rails, a business that Idris would follow him into. The remaining family also moved into the centre of Workington.

The 1901 Census shows Idris’ big sister Dinah visiting another sister, now Mary Barwick, in Bridgefoot (or Little Clifton as the two swap identities sometimes). That must mean that Dinah had moved far enough away to count as a visitor in the census. In fact this visit looks to have been part of plans to marry and Dinah later married Samuel Abernathy Keenan and they moved down to Pontypridd. The other interesting thing about the census for that time and place is shown in the picture below. On this page the only occupation shown is Coal Hewer and that is fairly typical.

In the 1891 Census some of the family had left home and they had moved into John Street in Workington. There were still 11 of them living in the house below.

Idris went to school but had the disadvantage of being left handed. At this time pupils were not allowed to write with their left hands, so were forced to use their right. This does have the advantage of avoiding the problem of writing backwards encountered by many left handers and in addition it gave Idris a handy party trick where he would take a pencil in both hands and write with both, starting in the middle of the line. One hand would move forward and the other backwards. As a strong left hander, who was allowed to write that way, I know that I can still write backwards reasonably easily, without practice. It looks neater too, when you hold it up to a mirror. My mum said that, when she was at the grammar school, she could ask her dad about homework and he would light his pipe, go for a walk and come back with the answer, even though he couldn’t always explain it. Either his schooling was well retained, or he used to nip next door to the pub and ask someone else.

By 1911 the family had moved to Albert Street and many had moved away and set up on their own. The second oldest, Daniel moved to Sault Ste Marie on the shores of the St Marys river in Ontario, just before it enters Lake Superior and very close to Michigan and Wisconsin in the United States. Gomer, was just older than Idris, but born in Stockton yet he moved back down to Wales to CwmParc, as did sister Rebecca. Most of the rest of that large family were spread around the same area of Cumberland.

From the age of 12 or 14, Idris was working in the steel works, where he would be until he retired at the age of sixty five.

Bowness Cumberland 1894 – 1917

While Thomas was away in America, his mother had moved in with his sister, who was now married into the Johnstone family, who farmed near Bassenthwaite. When the family returned to Cumberland they first went to live in Cross Cannonby, where there were more Herberts, and Annie Barbara was christened in the church at Crosby. Thomas went to work as a labourer in the Blacksmith side of the family and by 1901 they were living in Garfield Street, Workington. Another son George had arrived in 1900 and mother Barbara had moved in with them.

The house in Garfield Street

By 1911 Thomas was working as a labourer at a blast furnace, the family had moved again, William had emigrated to Australia, and Annie was training as a dressmaker. Barbara Herbert/Bowness died in 1912, aged 87 years.

At some point Thomas apparently went back to America and sold the property there. At any rate he starts appearing on the Electoral Register for houses in Peter Street and Garfield Street that they are probably living in that allowed them to buy The Dukes Head and connected cottages in Bridgefoot. I can see no evidence of the Herberts owning property, so the Amrica explanation seems the most likely. Thomas dies in 1920.

Ellers View, looking somewhat brighter and with the Dukes Head beyond it

Bowness and Morgan, Cumberland 1912-1917

The Bowness family moved into the pub just before the start of the First World War. Elizabeth and Thomas worked the pub, with some assistance from Annie, who was also working as a dressmaker. George left school and went to work in the mine.

In the same village lived Idris Morgan’s sister Mary whose husband, like most of the local population, was described as a coal hewer. At some point it is likely that Idris and Annie met in the pub.

In 1917 Idris and Annie were married, lived at 2 Woods Lane, Workington and then later moved into the little cottage next to the pub. Interestingly in 1917 William Herbert was back in this region, having been sent over here as part of the Australian first world war forces. In the picture below he is sat on the left and the other witness to the wedding is a very young looking Elizabeth Bowness, who had to sign the certificate and register as Elizabeth Varty, her American marriage not being recognised for this purpose.

William Herbert Bowness managed to survive the war and went back to Australia. After 1921, younger brother George would follow him there for a few years, but returned before 1933, when he married Jane Stockdale. They later had two children, Isabel and George.

Idris, like a large part of the population in this area, was working in exempt industry throughout the war. Thomas Bowness died not long after this, in 1920, leaving Elizabeth to run the pub. It would be in that pub and the attached cottage that my dad would first meet Annie in the nineteen forties. He would propose to Annie’s daughter Hazel in the pantry of the cottage. All that is for another story though. That story moves across the Midlands and up into Barrow-in-Furness then part of Lancashire. It includes a trip to Lichfield cathedral, a trip to pre-revolutionary Russia and the signing of the official secrets act.

Samuel Herbert b1777 Embleton, farmer dc1825 age 48

Ann Herbert b1782/3 Crosscannonby, farmer d1867 age 85

Joseph Herbert 1803 b Ireby lived Crosby Carpenter, Butcher d1891 age 84

John Herbert b1805 Ireby lived Dearham, CrossCannonby, Blacksmith. Sadly both John and his wife Elizabeth were in Cockermouth Union Workhouse in 1881

William Herbert b1809 Embleton, farmer 54 acres Seaton and Little Broughton d1887 age 76

Samuel Herbert 1816 b Embleton, cartwright/carpenter Seaton d1874 age 58

Barbara Herbert/Bowness b1825 Whitrigg, Servant Family helper Seaton,Little Broughton, Ennerdale, Workington d1912 age 87

Thomas William Bowness b1854 d1920 age 66

Elizabeth Varty/Bowness b1862 d1942 age 80

Annie Barbara Bowness/Morgan b 1893 d 1958 age 66

William Lewis b1797 Glamorgan, Lock Keeper d1869 age 72

Dinah Lewis b 1808 Llanwarne, Glamorgan d1886 age 78

Catherine Lewis/Morgan b1841 Glamorgan, Servant, d

Thomas Morgan b1842 Llanfabon, Metal worker, d 1912 age 69

Daniel Morgan b1811 Llanwobon, Glamorgan d?

Leah Morgan b1811 Glamorgan d1847?